Introduction: Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is a new-generation autologous platelet concentrate that promotes tissue regeneration and has anti-inflammatory properties. This randomized multicenter trial aimed to evaluate the effects of CGF on bone and periodontal tissue healing in combination with root-end microsurgery.
Methods: This study was conducted at four dental university hospitals in Japan. Adult healthy patients indicated for root-end microsurgery were randomly assigned to either the CGF group or the control group (no CGF implantation). CGF was prepared by centrifugation of preoperatively collected peripheral blood for 15 min at 1600 rpm and implanted into the bone cavity after root-end retrograde filling with mineral trioxide aggregate. Clinical and periapical radiographic evaluations were conducted at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively, with follow-up cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) at 6 months. Two calibrated examiners evaluated the bone healing using periapical radiography and CBCT. The lesion volume reduction rate was calculated based on the preoperative and follow-up CBCT images.
Results: A total of 24 patients were enrolled. Treatment success rate was 91.7% and 83.3% on 12-month periapical radiography and 6-month CBCT, respectively, without a significant difference between the two groups. The lesion volume reduction rate in the CGF group (75.64%) was significantly higher than that in the control (60.98%).
Conclusions: Autologous CGF in conjunction with root-end microsurgery accelerated lesion reduction. Administering autologous blood products to stimulate healing in addition to removing the source of infection by standard root-end microsurgery appears to be a promising treatment option for periapical lesions.
