Resident Boston University Boston University Boston, Massachusetts
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In previous work, magnesium oxide (MgO) has been considered for its potential ability to enhance cell attachment and proliferation rate of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). However, the effect of magnesium oxide (MgO) on odontogenic differentiation of (HDPCs) has not been investigated. This study was designed to evaluate the stimulatory effect of different concentrations of supplemental MgO on the expression of extracellular matrix proteins: dentin sialomprotein (DSP) and dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1). HDPCs were cultured with 0.5 m, 1 mm, 2 mm, 4 mm, 8 mm concentrations of supplemental MgO 0 mM as negative control group, lignin sulfonic acid sodium salt and xanthan gum as vehicle control groups. HDPCs were cultured in culture media with vit D3 added to all experimental and control groups. ELISA was used to measure DSP and DMP-1 expression in cell culture supernatants collected at 7, 10, and 14 days. Statistical analysis was performed using Multi-Way Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) with Wilks’ lambda test. The results showed a significant time-dependent increase of DSP and DMP-1 expression in the 0.5 mm supplemental MgO concentration group compared to other experimental, negative and vehicle control groups from 7 to 14 days (P < 0.001). MgO concentrations higher than 0.5 mM demonstrated lower DSP and DMP-1 expression at 10 and 14 days comparable to the negative control and vehicle controls (P < 0.001). In conclusion, 0.5 mm MgO enhanced odontogenic differentiation in HDPCs by upregulated expression of extracellular proteins DSP and DMP-1. The data demonstrated the role of optimal supplemental MgO concentration in dentinogenesis of HDPCs.
