(CCSP103) EFFECT OF A COMBINED AEROBIC AND RESISTANCE TRAINING ON SITE, HYBRID AND AT HOME ON CARDIOPULMONARY AND HEMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS DURING EXERCISE IN OLDER ADULTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS

Background: Exercise training (ET) at home can be a good alternative to encourage access and participation to primary prevention programs in older adults with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). ET can improve prognosis, cardiopulmonary, hemodynamic functions, and quality of life of older adults with CVRF. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is a powerful prognostic factor of death and/or cardiovascular disease in older adults. During ageing, VO2max and maximal cardiac output (Qmax) during exercise decreases. VO2max and Qmax are major determinant of systemic O2 transport chains in older adults. The influence of training site (site, hybrid: both on site and at home, home-based only) on cardiopulmonary (VO2max) and hemodynamic functions (VO2max, Qmax) has been poorly studied in older adults with CVRF. To compare the effectiveness of a 6-months ET program performed on site, hybrid and home-based on the improvement of cardiopulmonary and hemodynamic functions in older adults with CVRF.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-two physically inactive older adults (70 ± 6 years) performed a cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) before and after ET with gas analysis (VO2max, maximal ventilation: VEmax, maximal heart rate: HRmax, oxygen pulse: O2 pulse) and cardiac bioimpedance (Qmax, stroke volume: SVmax). The program was realised on site (n=15), hybrid (n=7) and at home (n=10). CPET and cardiac bioimpedance variables were compared before and after the program and between ET mode (site, hybrid, home). There was a Groupe X Time (p < 0,05) interaction on VO2max that improved only in the site group (p < 0,001). No significant effects were found for VEmax, Qmax, SVmax after the program for all groups. For HRmax, an interaction effect (p < 0,05) was found only in the site group (p < 0,05). A significant time effect was found for O2 pulse (p < 0,05) for the 3 groups.

Conclusion: A 6-month ET on site improved cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) in older adults. The supervised prescription of ET can improve some cardiac and peripheral functions (HRmax, O2 pulse) of older adults with CVRF. However, the hybrid and home-based modalities showed less effects. A stronger supervision and a weekly monitoring of exercise dose could help to improve these parameters on hybrid and at home program.