The proliferation of power electronics has brought great challenges to electromagnetic susceptibility. This paper summarized all EMS-related substandards in two major requirements, DO-160G and MIL-STD-461G, and comprehensively compared test contents, level, procedure, and setup between them. The critical difference in similar tests is reviewed and some confusing descriptions are discussed. Therefore, a refined and complete overview to help quickly understand these complicated requirements is provided for both researchers and engineers. A guideline to choose applicable substandards is developed to reduce the developing and testing time for new equipment. Improvement suggestions on these standards are proposed based on comparative analysis.