Category: Medical/Surgical/Diseases/Complications
Poster Session II
Stillbirth is a known complication of maternal obesity with rates of obesity continuing to rise in the United States. The primary objective of this study is to assess the trends in rates of stillbirth and neonatal death from 2015-2020 in obese women.
Study Design:
This is a retrospective study using the U.S. Natality Data from 2015-2020 including births from 20-42 weeks gestation. A total of 22,391,043 patients were identified. Patients were further stratified by weight class including underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), normal (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2), class 1 obesity (BMI 30-34.9 kg/m2), class 2 obesity (BMI 35-39.9 kg/m2) and class 3 obesity (BMI > 40 kg/m2). Trends in stillbirth, neonatal death, and the combination of stillbirth and neonatal death were determined for each weight class utilizing the weighted least squares regression. A separate analysis was performed for term pregnancies (37-42 weeks gestation).
Results:
In all six weight groups, including the obesity classes, there was a trend suggesting increasing rates of stillbirth from 2015-2020 (Figure 1). There was a statistically significant trend towards decreasing rates of neonatal deaths in all weight classes except for the underweight group (Figure 2). When looking at the combination of stillbirths and neonatal deaths, there was a trend suggesting increasing rates in the underweight, normal, overweight, and class 1 obesity groups. In term pregnancies, there was a statistically significant trend towards increasing rates of stillbirth in all weight classes. Neonatal deaths for term pregnancies had a trend suggesting decreasing rates in all three obesity classes as well as the normal and overweight groups. The combined stillbirth and neonatal death rates in term pregnancies demonstrated a trend suggesting increasing rates in all six weight classes.
Conclusion:
From 2015-2020, there is a trend suggesting an increasing rate of stillbirth and a trend suggesting a decreasing rate of neonatal death in obese patients.
Beverly C. Tse, MD (she/her/hers)
Loma Linda University
Loma Linda, CA, United States
Juliane Johnson, BS
Loma Linda University School of Medicine
Loma Linda, California, United States
Stephen Contag, MD
University of Minnesota
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Ruofan Yao, MD,MPH
Assistant Professor
Loma Linda University
Loma Linda, California, United States