(616) Dietary risk factors for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

Thursday, February 9, 2023

4:00 PM – 5:30 PM

Objective: Poor diet quality, as assessed by the US Department of Agriculture’s Health Eating Index (HEI), has previously been linked with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). We assessed specific dietary components contributing to this increased risk of HDP.

Study Design: This is a nested case control study in a cohort of 450 study participants with singleton pregnancies who completed the NIH Dietary Health Questionnaire II (DHQ-II) in the third trimester or within 3 months of delivery from 2017-2020. Patients with fetal anomalies, pregnancies conceived by in-vitro fertilization, and deliveries at an outside hospital were excluded. Cases were patients diagnosed with HDP and controls were patients without HDP. Cases were matched to controls by BMI class in a 1:2 ratio. The primary exposures of interest were HEI score components and other DHQ-II dietary components including minerals, caffeine, and water. These dietary components were compared between cases and controls using univariate analyses.

Results: 150 patients with HDP were matched to 300 controls without HDP. Baseline demographics were similar between groups, including BMI. Patients with HDP were less likely to have high quality diets (HEI≥70) than controls (7.3% v 15.7%, P=0.02). HDP was associated with significantly higher dairy, saturated fat, and sodium intake compared to controls. Other HEI components such as protein, vegetable, added sugar, and fatty acid uptake were similar between groups (Figure). Caffeine, water, and mineral consumption was similar between groups (Table).

Conclusion: Patients with HDP are more likely to have consumed a diet higher in sodium, dairy, and saturated fats. Antenatal diet modification in patients at high risk of HDP should be further studied.

Primary & Presenting Author(s)

Suzanne O'Nan, MD (she/her/hers)
Assistant Professor
Washington University in St.Louis
St. Louis, Missouri, United States

Coauthor(s)

RH
Ruizhi Huang, MS
Washington University in St.Louis
St. Louis, Missouri, United States
peinan Zhao, PhD
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri, United States
Valene Garr Barry, PhD (she/her/hers)
Postdoctoral Research Scholar
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri, United States
Megan L. Lawlor, MD
Saint Louis University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri, United States
Ebony B. Carter, MD, MPH (she/her/hers)
Associate Professor, MFM; Chief, Division of Clinical Resarch
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri, United States
JK
Jeannie C. Kelly, MD,FACOG,MS
Associate Professor
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri, United States
Antonina I. Frolova, MD,PhD (she/her/hers)
Assistant Professor
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri, United States
SE
Sarah K. England, PhD
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri, United States
Nandini Raghuraman, MD,MSc (she/her/hers)
Assistant Professor
Barnes Jewish Hospital, Washington University in St Louis
St. Louis, Missouri, United States