Interventional Oncology

Session: Educational Exhibit Presentations - Station 7: Imaging and Interventional Oncology

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Diagnosis and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Interventional Radiology

Monday, March 6, 2023

5:20 PM – 5:25 PM

Location: Phoenix Convention Center, North Ballroom 120ABC, Poster Hall

Abstract Presenter(s)

AM

Arian Mansur, BA (he/him/his)

Medical Student
Harvard Medical School

Disclosure(s): No financial relationships to disclose

Author/Co-author(s)

Tarig Elhakim, MD

Research Associate
MGH
John C. Panagides, BS (he/him/his)

Medical Student
Harvard Medical School
Sanjeeva Kalva, MD, FSIR, FCIRSE, FACR (he/him/his)

Professor
Massachusetts General Hospital
Dania Daye, MD, PhD

Assistant Professor of Radiology
Massachusetts General Hospital/ Harvard Medical School

Disclosure(s):

Arian Mansur, BA: No financial relationships to disclose

Tarig Elhakim, MD: No financial relationships to disclose

John C. Panagides, BS: No financial relationships to disclose

Sanjeeva Kalva, MD, FSIR, FCIRSE, FACR: BD Bard: Consultant (Ongoing); Biogen Inc, Clover Health Investments Corp, Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Moderna Inc, Pfizer Inc, Novavax Inc, Orphazyme, Cassava Sciences Inc, Vivos Therapeutics Inc, Ardelyx Inc, Althea Health, Sarepta Therapeutics, Clover Health Investments Corp, CureV: Ownership Interest (Ongoing), Stocks (Ongoing); Boston Scientific Corp: Consultant (Ongoing); Canon Medical: Consultant (Ongoing), Speaking and Teaching (Ongoing); Covidien/Medtronic: Consultant (Ongoing); Instylla, Inc.: Consultant (Ongoing); Okami Medical: Consultant (Ongoing); Penumbra Inc.: Consultant (Terminated), Speaking and Teaching (Terminated); Sirtex Medical: Consultant (Ongoing); Varian: Consultant (Ongoing)

Dania Daye, MD, PhD: medtronic: Consultant (Ongoing)

Learning Objectives: 1. To review the various IR-based treatment modalities for HCC.
2. To describe the role of AI in the diagnosis of HCC.
3. To discuss the role of AI in the treatment of HCC as well as its follow-up.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, representing approximately 73% of cases. Image-guided locoregional therapies such as ablation, embolization, and radioembolization have been increasingly used for the management of HCC and are now being considered primary treatments. Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science that is based on the notion of computers mimicking the human behavior that uses intelligence, such as thinking and making decisions. Through the development of AI came various subfields like machine learning and deep learning that have revolutionized various disciplines like medicine and now IR, more specifically. Because the management of patients with HCC is multifaceted with new minimally invasive modalities, AI is starting to play a crucial role in the way we detect, treat, and follow-up patients with HCC.

Clinical Findings/Procedure Details:

Several AI-based algorithms, including convolutional neural networks, have started to aid in not only the diagnosis of HCC, using several imaging modalities (abdominal ultrasound, CT with contrast, MRI, 18F-FDG PET/CT, histopathological classifications) but also the selection of patients for the IR-based treatment options, including transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), transarterial radioembolization (TARE) and tumor ablation. Several studies have also shown promising findings of AI in predicting the response to treatment with TACE/ablation as well as in local tumor progression and recurrence. This exhibit reviews and discusses some of the major findings to date.

Conclusion and/or Teaching Points: AI is starting to play a pivotal role in the way we manage patients with HCC, particularly in the context of interventional radiology. After viewing this exhibit, attendees will learn the various image-guided percutaneous and transarterial therapies that have proven to be highly promising for HCC as well as the role of AI in selecting suitable candidates for IR-based modalities, predicting response to treatment, and in follow-up care.