Introduction: Transperineal interstitial laser ablation (TPLA) is among one of the latest ultra-minimally invasive technique to treat benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). No study investigated the actual rate of preservation of the ejaculatory function after TPLA, in comparison to the reference standard trans-urethral resection of prostate (TURP). We aimed to evaluate the reliability of TPLA in preserving the ejaculation compared to TURP. Methods: In this single-center, prospective, randomized, open-label study, consecutive patients with indication to surgical treatment for BPO were enrolled between January 2020 and September 2021 (NCT04781049). Randomization defined two treatment arms: Group A: patients assigned to TPLA (experimental); Group B: patients assigned to TURP (standard). Primary endpoints included comparison of visual analogue scale (VAS), change in ejaculatory function (by EJ-MSHQ), and changes in sexual function (by IIEF-5) at 1 month after surgery. Secondary endpoints included ?IPSS and ?QoL, and Qmax improvement at 6 months. Results: Fifty-one patients (26 TPLA versus 25 TURP) were analyzed. No differences were found in the perception of pain assessed by VAS. No differences in IIEF-5 score were found between groups. Distribution of ejaculatory function assessed by the EJ-MSHQ remained unmodified after TPLA (p=0.2) while a median 31% decrease in EJ-MSHQ score (IQR -67;-14%) was observed after TURP (p=0.01). Retrograde ejaculation was reported in one patient within the TPLA group (18 patients s/p TURP). A statistically significant difference between the treatment groups was found in terms of postoperative Qmax (15.2 (IQR 13.5–18.3) versus 26.0 (IQR 22.0–48.0) ml/s, TPLA versus TURP, p<0.001). Qmax was statistically significantly improved with respect to baseline after TPLA (%?Qmax +42 (+24;+76), p<0.001). Both treatments significantly improved IPSS and QoL with respect to baseline, with TURP impacting more significantly (%?IPSS -35.9 (IQR -54.5;-1.3) versus -66.7 (-82.8;-46.7) and %?QoL -33.3 (-50;-8) versus -60.0 (IQR -80;-33), TPLA versus TURP, all p-values <0.03). Conclusions: TPLA allowed for maintaining ejaculation in 96% of the cases, confirming to be valid option in patients seeking for pairing the relief from BPO to the high probability of preserving ejaculatory function. SOURCE OF Funding: None.
