Introduction: Virtual Realtiy (VR) technologies have developed increasing relevance and implementation in the field of medicine, and more specifically in the realm of surgical management for Urologic cancers. Certain VR technologies can develop three-dimensional (3D) digital models from standard computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to facilitate surgical planning and intra-operative guidance. Use of 3D VR models has been linked to improved patient outcomes. Specifically, the use of 3D VR technology in robotic assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy has led to reduced operative times, shorter hospital stay, reduced clamp time, and minimized blood loss. In this video, we will highlight the impact of 3D VR technology on intra-operative planning for patients undergoing partial nephrectomy for renal masses. Methods: In this video abstract, we explore the use of 3D VR technology in 5 patients undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for renal masses. We review the CT findings and subsequently rendered 3D VR images to highlight the impact of VR on clinical decision making regarding partial versus radical nephrectomy, transperitoneal versus retroperitoneal approach, optimal vascular control mechanisms, selective versus global clamping, and depth of tumor resection. Results: The use of 3D VR software impacted operative planning in each of patient undergoing robotic assisted laparoscopic surgery for a renal mass. Pre-operative and intra-operative use of 3D VR software allowed the surgeon to individualize the operative approach for each patient based on specific anatomic considerations that were highlighted or augmented with 3D VR technology. Conclusions: VR models applied to robotic partial nephrectomy appear to demonstrate improvement in clinical outcomes, surgical planning, and preoperative and intraoperative guidance. The technology is evolving, and cost remains a consideration. Future challenges will be to adopt artificial Intelligence and machine learning to account for tissue deformation, organ mobility, and anatomical changes during dissection. SOURCE OF Funding: None
