Restorative
Asha Patel, DDS
Resident
University of Alabama at Birmingham
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Irondale, Alabama, United States
Nathaniel Lawson, D.M.D, M.A., Ph.D
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Ping Zhang, DDS, PhD
Professor and Director of Research
University of Alabama at Birmingham
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Sory Shannon, D.D.S.
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Noel K. Childers, D.D.S., M.S., Ph.D
Professor Emeritus
University of Birmingham Alabama
Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Janice G. Jackson, D.M.D
Program Director
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Birmingham, Alabama, United States
Jed Best, DDS, MS
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
new york, New York, United States
Purpose: Thermo-curing of glass ionomer cements (GIC) may accelerate setting time and benefit pediatric and special needs patients with behavior problems; however, it may also pose a potential risk for pulpal damage if the temperature increase is >5.5˚C. The purpose of this study was to determine the intrapulpal temperature increase during thermo-curing to command set high viscosity GIC.
Methods: Four GIC including Fuji Equia Forte(FE), VOCO Ionostar(VI), Riva Self-Cure HV(RSC), and 3M Ketac Universal Aplicap(3M) were tested. Class I preparations were obtained with 557 bur in groups of extracted, non-carious permanent molars (n=6/group) and filled with GIC, and then were either set by light-curing for 40 seconds or by self-curing following the manufacture instructions. A K-type thermocouple probe was inserted from the roots into the pulp chamber to measure the temperature changes. Starting and peak temperatures between groups were compared using two-tailed Student’s t-test or ANOVA followed by Turkey’s multiple-comparison test.
Results: The average temperature increases during thermo-curing were 3.9°± 0.93, 4.08°± 0.94, 3.03°± 1.17, and 2.28°± 0.51 for FE, VI, RSC, and 3M, respectively; while the average temperature increases during self-curing were 0.52˚±0.25, 1.02˚±0.34, 0.63˚±0.16, and 0.37˚±0.08 for FE, VI, RSC, and 3M, respectively. A significantly lower temperature increase (P < .05) was seen with 3M following thermo-curing, compared with FE and VI.
Conclusion: All the tested GIC show less than 5˚C temperature increase following thermo-curing, with 3M showing the least temperature increase. Thermo-curing may be used for command setting of conventional GIC to accelerate clinical setting time.