Trauma
Brittany M. Schweiger, DDS
Pediatric Dental Resident
Nationwide Children's Hospital/ The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
The Ohio State University / Nationwide Children's Hospital
Columbus, Ohio, United States
Ehsan N. Azadani, DDS, MS
Assistant professor
The Ohio State University
Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio, United States
Dennis McTigue, DDS, MS
The Ohio State University/ Nationwide Children's Hospital
Chloe Tang, PhD, MS
Nationwide Children's Hospital
Janice Townsend, DDS, MS
Nationwide Children's Hospital/The Ohio State University
Kim Hammersmith, DDS, MPH, MS
Program Director
The Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio, United States
Ehsan N. Azadani, DDS, MS
Assistant professor
The Ohio State University
Ohio State University
Columbus, Ohio, United States
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate risk of ankylosis in permanent teeth following dental intrusion injuries in children.
Methods: A retrospective chart review was completed for all children who had sustained a permanent tooth intrusion between the years 2013 and 2021. Kaplan Meyer survival analysis curves were completed to evaluate the risk of ankylosis in relation to the severity of the intrusion, root maturation, and the treatment rendered.
Results: In total, 154 teeth of 114 patients (61% male), 4-21 years old with dental intrusion injuries were identified. Majority of patients (82%) were between ages 6-11 at the time of injury and returned for follow-up on average for 469 days. For teeth displaced 1-3mm, 4-6mm, and >6mm, the estimated risk of ankylosis at 1 year was 6%, 9%, and 29% which increased to 17%, 24%, and 45% at 2 years post-intrusion (P < .05). The estimated risk of ankylosis was 5% for immature teeth and 28% for mature teeth 1 year following injury. The risk of ankylosis rose to 9% and 53% at 2 years post-injury for immature and mature teeth respectively (P < .001). For teeth treated with spontaneous re-eruption and surgical repositioning, the estimated risk of ankylosis at 1 year was 4% and 31% which increased to 8% and 58% at 2 years post-intrusion (P < .001).
Conclusions: The risk of ankylosis increased significantly with mature root formation, increasing severity of injury, and with surgical repositioning.