(PR18) Periapical Osteoperiostitis: A retrospective Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Evaluation of Different Contributing Factors Influencing its Development

Periapical osteoperiostitis (PO) is an inflammatory reaction of the periosteum. The hallmark condition of PO is the displacement, expansion, and deposition of new bone located in the maxillary sinus floor caused by infection of maxillary posterior teeth. Radiographically, it presents as a radiopaque "halo" over the involved root. There are limited studies regarding PO and its correlation to patient factors. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the prevalence of PO and identify factors associated with it. A chart review was completed to identify subjects who had received cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans between 2016-2021 at New York University. Four calibrated evaluators initially assessed 586 CBCT scans. Of these, 342 were included. The presence of PO, age, sex, pulpal and periapical diagnosis, periapical index, presence of maxillary sinus perforation, and mucositis were recorded. Data was analyzed using chi-squared tests. Of the included scans, 88 (25.73%) presented with PO. Age (18-40), periapical diagnosis (asymptomatic apical periodontitis, acute and chronic apical abscess), periapical index type 5, and presence of sinus perforation were associated with PO at statistically significant levels (p < 0.05). In cases presenting with PO, 84.1% presented with maxillary mucositis as well, and the association was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Among the included patients the prevalence of PO was 25.73%. Factors including age, periapical diagnosis, periapical index and presence of sinus perforation were significantly associated with PO (p < 0.05). PO frequently presents with maxillary mucositis (p < 0.05).