Manual Lymphatic Drainage Therapy for In-home Treatment of Acute and Chronic Pain; A Literature Review

Introduction, Objectives, and/or Purpose: More than 100 million Americans struggle with chronic pain. According to an estimate from the Institute of Medicine, chronic pain results in an annual cost of approximately $635 billion in treatment and lost productivity. Further, the misuse of potent opioid painkillers, meant to help manage pain, can increase the risk of addiction and abuse. Advocacy for patient alternative therapies of management are indicated. Manual lymphatic drainage therapy (MLD) is a well-established treatment for lymphedema, interstitial edema, traumatic injuries, and post-fracture treatment. Moreover, the pain-relieving effect of MLD can also be effective when treating fibromyalgia, scleroderma, complex regional pain syndrome (CPRS), scar therapy, various soft-tissue rheumatic disorders such as tendinitis and carpal tunnel syndrome. MLD is indicated for a variety of conditions as it both affects and acts upon the diverse physiological functions including craniosacral stimulation via impact upon the parasympathetic/autonomic system

Methods: A review of published literature and data for MLD management of acute and chronic pain conditions and a review of in-home options for pain management (non-opioid, non-procedural, non-implant based), and literature review of the potential impact of MLD upon craniosacral function

Results: Published research and data supports that MLD decreases sympathetic and increases parasympathetic response (sympatholytic action). By stimulating parasympathetic tone, MLD can cause relaxation, antispastic and analgesic effects.
Peer reviewed published data is reviewed. In-home simulated MLD options are examined and reviewed.

Conclusion(s): In light of the growing epidemics of both chronic pain and associated opioid abuse, advocacy for safe, in-home, effective and cost effective measures are indicated. MLD is a well-established therapeutic option for acute and chronic pain management, current MLD and simulated MLD methods for in-home use are available. Further research of in-home simulated MLD effectiveness for acute and chronic pain control is indicated to determine impact on oral analgesic use, quality of life measures and potential collateral benefits such as improved sleep and circadian cycles, return to work measures and resumption of overall activities of daily living.