UL Fire Safety tests are being applied by fire departments, AHJs, and other regulatory agencies throughout the US. Do these test protocols truly create a cross-jurisdictional understanding of battery safety profiles that the industry can use and apply universally to all energy storage systems and applications? While the concept of fire safety testing to achieve public safety is legitimate, does the model that the NRTLs have adopted actually achieve its goal? This session will draw on actual UL9540 and UL9540A test data to highlight benefits and shortcomings of test protocols within the context of public safety.