Plant viruses influence host traits that mediate virus transmission by insect vectors, such as visual, gustatory, and olfactory cues. Potyviridae contains nearly 30% of all vector-borne viruses and many members have been shown to influence plant-insect interactions through changes in volatile organic compounds (VOCs). One such potyvirus, potato virus Y (PVY) has been shown to influence VOC emissions that increase vector setting preference on infected potatoes. In this project we aimed to determine the mechanisms of volatile reprograming by PVY, and to investigate the function of specific changes in plant-vector-virus interactions over the course of the infection process. Using Myzus persicae and two host plant species (Solanum tuberosum and Nicotiana benthamiana) as a model examined the effect of PVY on plant volatile profiles and the expression of genes in the associated terpenoid, phenolic, and green leaf volatile biosynthetic pathways. Furthermore, we found that aphids were more attracted to plants expressing the PVY protein NIaPro, which has previously been implicated in mediating plant-insect interactions. In summary, these results suggest that PVY, and single PVY proteins, can mediate plant-vector interactions through reprogramming of volatile biosynthetic pathways. Understanding the mechanisms that mediate plant-vector-virus interactions could improve current management strategies and offer new avenues for relevant agricultural pest control to provide plant protection.
