(314) Assessing The Pattern of Hypersensitivity Reactions Associated with Analgesics: An Ambispective Study

Saturday, August 27, 2022

8:00 AM – 6:00 PM CEST

Location: Hall C

Publication Number: 988

Presenting Author(s)

Shilpa Palaksha, MPharm
– JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS AHER, Mysuru, Karnataka, India, Mysuru, Karnataka, India

Co-Author(s)

Prudhvi Raj
– Post graduate student in department of Pharmacy Practice, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, JSS College of Pharmacy, mysuru, Karnataka, India
Mahesh P A, M.B.B.S, DTCD, DNB(Respiratory Diseases)
– Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India

Background: Analgesics are the most widely used class of drugs and are reported to associated with various hypersensitive reactions. Analgesics induced hypersensitivity reactions constitute nearly 10-15% of all reported adverse drug reactions.

Objectives: To assess the pattern of hypersensitive reactions associated with analgesic therapy among hospitalized patients.

Methods: This ambispective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital of southern India. The patients who developed hypersensitive reactions following analgesic use were identified and details were collected and documented. For the identified hypersensitivity reactions, preventability using Schumock and Thornton scale, and predictability using Rawlins and Thompson scale was assessed.

Results: A total of 212 patients were identified who developed hypersensitive reactions following analgesics according to our study observations. A majority of patients were females (n=119, 56.1%). Tramadol (n=88, 41.5%) was the most frequent causative agent in the development of hypersensitive reaction, followed by acetaminophen (n=68, 32%), diclofenac (n=20, 9.4%), aceclofenac (n=19, 8.9%), aspirin (n=6, 2.8%), naproxen (n=5, 2.3%), mefenamic acid (n=3, 1.4%), codeine (n=2, 0.9%) and morphine (n=1, 0.4%). Vomiting (58.9%), followed by rashes (21.1%), urticaria (7.05%), and angioedema (6.63%) were the most common hypersensitive reactions reported in the study population. A majority (n=171, 80.6%) of the hypersensitive reactions were predictable but not preventable.

Conclusions: The frequency of hypersensitivity reactions to analgesics in hospitalized patients is high. As analgesics are accessible to general public as over-the-counter medications, the frequency of hypersensitive reactions may be still higher. Therefore, it requires careful monitoring and reporting of hypersensitive reactions to analgesics among general public.