(29) The Burden of Osteoarthritis Across the States of India, 1990–2019: Findings from The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Friday, August 26, 2022

8:00 AM – 6:00 PM CEST

Location: Hall C

Publication Number: 360

Presenting Author(s)

Ambrish Singh
– Menzies Institute of Medical Research, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia

Co-Author(s)

Siddharth Kumar Das
– Era’s University, Lucknow, India, Department if Rheumatology, Lucknow, India, Uttar Pradesh, India
Arvind Chopra
– Apollo Jehangir Hospital, Pune University, Pune, India,, Maharashtra, India
Debashish Danda
– Christian Medical College, Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Vellore, India, Tamil Nadu, India
Binoy J Paul
– KMCT Medical College, Department of General Medicine, Calicut, Kerala, India, Kerala, India
Lyn March
– University of Sydney, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia, New South Wales, Australia
Ashish Jacob Mathew
– Christian Medical College, Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Vellore, India,, Kerala, India
Padmanabha Shenoy
– Centre for Arthritis & Rheumatism Excellence, Department of Rheumatology, Kochi, Kerala, India, Kerala, India
Carolyn Gotay
– The University of British Columbia, School of Population and Public Health (SPPH), Vancouver, Canada, BC, Canada
Andrew J Palmer
– University of Tasmania, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, Tasmania, Australia
Benny Antony
– Senior Research Fellow, Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia, Tasmania, Australia

Background: Few studies have reported the burden of osteoarthritis (OA) in different parts of India. However, no study has reported the detailed estimates of incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) and its trends for OA (and its various sites) across the states of India over a long period of
time.

Objectives: We aim to describe the state-wise prevalence, incidence, and YLDs for osteoarthritis (OA) in India from 1990 to 2019 according to age and sex.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 were used. The burden of OA –including knee OA, hip OA, hand OA, and other OA– was estimated for India and its states from 1990 to 2019 through a systematic analysis of prevalence, incidence, and YLDs modelled data using the methods reported in the GBD 2019 Study. All estimates are presented as counts and age-standardised rates per 100,000 population, with uncertainty intervals (UIs).

Results: Around 23.46 million individuals in India had OA in 1990; this increased to 62.35 million in 2019. The age-standardised prevalence of OA increased from 4,895 (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 4,420–5,447) in 1990 to 5313 (95%UI: 4,799–5,898) in 2019, per 100,000. OA was the 20th most common cause of YLDs in India in 2019, accounting for 1·48% (95%UI: 0·88–2·78) of all YLDs; increasing from 23rd most common cause in 1990 (1·25% (95%UI: 0·74–2·34)). Knee OA was the most common form of OA, followed by hand OA. The prevalence, incidence, and YLDs for OA and knee OA were consistently higher in females than males. Uttar Pradesh (8.53 million (95%UI: 7.63–9.53), Maharashtra (6.37 million (95%UI: 5.75–7.06), and West Bengal (4.90 million (95%UI: 4.39–5.46) had the three highest levels of OA prevalence. Goa (5689 (95%UI: 5,125–6,282)), Rajasthan (5667 (95%UI: 5,097–6,305)), and Kerala (5658 (95%UI: 5,107–6,263)) had the highest age-standardised prevalence of OA in 2019, per 100,000.

Conclusions: The burden and impact of OA in India are substantial and is increasing; however, it varied among states. Females were affected more commonly than males. Knee OA was the most prevalent site. With improvement in life expectancy and population ageing, greater increases are expected. Adopting suitable control and preventive community measures to reduce modifiable risk factors (such as obesity, injuries, occupational stress) are needed now to reduce the current and future burden of OA in India.