OOS 18 - Understanding drivers of grassland phenology under a changing climate

Organizer(s)

• 

  Amber Churchill

  Postdoctoral Research Associate
  Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota
  SAINT PAUL, Minnesota, United States

Co-Organizer(s)

• MA

  Maggie Anderson

  Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, United States

Moderator(s)

• 

  Amber Churchill

  Postdoctoral Research Associate
  Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota
  SAINT PAUL, Minnesota, United States

Grassland and open-ecosystems are threatened by land-use change in addition to numerous less direct human impacts. These impacts have important implications for the multitude of key ecosystem services provided by these diverse ecosystems, including forage for cattle and herbivores, pollinator resources, support for biodiversity, carbon sequestration, recreation, among others. Despite the range of services provided by grasslands, these open-ecosystems are often treated as non-forested or simply ecosystems without trees rather than explored as uniquely functioning biomes with discrete drivers and ecosystem functions. There is a great diversity among grasslands, despite frequent aggregation to a single plant functional type within global analyses, and this high variability remains one of the limitations in accurately predicting grassland ecosystem functions and responses under future climate scenarios. As in many terrestrial ecosystems, warming and drought associated with climate change are projected to impact the phenology of grasslands around the world. These impacts have direct economic implications for many ecosystem services, such as changes in productivity and access to forage for livestock as well as changes in the timing of pollinator resources. Consequently, efforts to understand the drivers impacting diverse grassland responses are of international importance.



Unlike many forested systems, where broad patterns of phenology are driven by seasonal progression from budburst and leaf absecsion, grassland phenology is more dynamic- with key drivers relating to soil moisture and the timing of precipitation as well as grazing and land-use that can influence patterns of new growth throughout the active growing season. Importantly, the length of the active growing season also differs among grassland systems dramatically, from high elevation alpine meadows with short 2-3 month summers to year-round growth in tropical and subtropical grasslands. This diverse range of grasslands have different drivers of phenology, and more global understanding is needed to accurately understand the relative impact of changes in climate factors such as warming relative to changes in water availability. This session aims to review the consequences on phenology and associated patterns in productivity for changes in climate among diverse grasslands around the globe.

Presentations:

• 1:30 PM – 1:45 PM EDT

  Using PhenoCam data to model drivers of spring green-up in North American grasslands
  

  Presenting Author: Alison K. Post – Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University

  Co-author: Andrew Richardson, PhD – Northern Arizona University
• 1:45 PM – 2:00 PM EDT

  Drought legacy effects on plant phenology: exploring how shifts in plant communities alter vegetation green-period
  

  Presenting Author: Kevin Wilcox, PhD – Program in Ecology, University of Wyoming

  Co-author: Sally E. Koerner, PhD – University of North Carolina Greensboro

  Co-author: Kevin Kirkman, PhD – University of KwaZulu-Natal

  Co-author: Scott L. Collins – University of New Mexico

  Co-author: Alan K. Knapp – Colorado State University

  Co-author: Melinda D. Smith – Colorado State University

  Co-author: Dave Thompson – South African Environmental Observation Network
• 2:00 PM – 2:15 PM EDT

  Green-up and brown-down: Modelling grassland foliage phenology responses to soil water availability in eastern Australia
  

  Presenting Author: Jinyan Yang – Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University

  Co-author: Belinda Medlyn – Western Sydney University

  Co-author: Craig Barton – Western Sydney University

  Co-author: Amber C. Churchill – Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota

  Co-author: Martin De Kauwe – University of bristol

  Co-author: Mingkai jiang – Zhejiang University

  Co-author: Arjunan Krishnananthaselvan – University of Vavuniya

  Co-author: David Tissue – Western Sydney University

  Co-author: Elise Pendall – Western Sydney University

  Co-author: Sally Power – Western Sydney University
• 2:15 PM – 2:30 PM EDT

  CANCELLED - Effects of precipitation variability on a California annual grassland's phenology: how land management interacts with drought and plant community composition
  

  Presenting Author: Ashley Shaw – University of Oregon, Institute of Ecology and Evolution

  Co-author: Caitlin White – University of Colorado-Boulder

  Co-author: Holly Stover – University of California-Berkeley

  Co-author: Whendee Silver – Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, UC Berkeley

  Co-author: Katharine Suding – University of Colorado

  Co-author: Lauren Hallett – Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR
• 2:30 PM – 2:45 PM EDT

  Experimental warming and drought may accelerate and extend leafing phenology while delaying and shortening some plants' reproductive phases in tallgrass prairies
  

  Presenting Author: Maggie Anderson – Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota

  Co-author: Forest Isbell, PhD – University of Minnesota

  Co-author: Rebecca Montgomery, PhD – University of Minnesota
• 2:45 PM – 3:00 PM EDT

  Phenological convergence over space and time: Shifts in tundra phenology with long-term and experimental warming
  

  Presenting Author: Janet Prevey – USGS

  Co-author: Sarah C. Elmendorf – Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA

  Co-author: Anne Bjorkman – Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden, Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden

  Co-author: Juha M. Alatalo – Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar

  Co-author: isabel Ashton – National Park Service, 820 Columbus Street, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA.

  Co-author: Jakob J. Assmann – Department of Biology, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

  Co-author: Robert G. Björk – Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 460, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden

  Co-author: Mats P. Björkman – Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 460, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden

  Co-author: Nicoletta Cannone – Department of Science and High Technology, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, 2210 Como, Italy

  Co-author: Michele Carbognani – Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy

  Co-author: Chelsea Chisholm – Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, Zurich 8092, Switzerland

  Co-author: Karin Clark – PO Box 1320, Yellowknife, NT X1A 2L9, Canada

  Co-author: Courtney G. Collins – University of British Columbia

  Co-author: Elisabeth J. Cooper – Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway

  Co-author: Bo Elberling – Center for Permafrost (CENPERM), Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark

  Co-author: Esther R. Frei – WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Fluelastrasse 11, 7260 Davos Dorf, Switzerland

  Co-author: Greg R.H. Henry – University of British Columbia

  Co-author: Robert D. Hollister – Biology Department, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401-9403, USA

  Co-author: Toke T. Høye – Department of Bioscience and Arctic Research Centre, Aarhus University, Grenåvej 14, 8410 Rønde, Denmark

  Co-author: Ingibjörg Svala Jónsdóttir – Life- and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 7, 101 Reykjavík, Iceland

  Co-author: Jeffrey T. Kerby – Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark

  Co-author: Kari Klanderud – Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Aas, Norway

  Co-author: Christopher Kopp – University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada

  Co-author: Esther Levesque – Département des Sciences de l’environnement et Centre d’études nordiques, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada

  Co-author: Marguerite Mauritz – Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University, El Paso, TX 79902, USA

  Co-author: Ulf Molau – Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden

  Co-author: Isla H. Myers-Smith – University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Scotland

  Co-author: Susan M. Natali – Woodwell Climate Research Center

  Co-author: Steven F. Oberbauer – Florida International University

  Co-author: Zoe Panchen – Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada

  Co-author: Alessandro Petraglia – Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, I-43124 Parma, Italy

  Co-author: Eric Post – Department of Wildlife, Fish, & Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA

  Co-author: Christian Rixen – WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Fluelastrasse 11, 7260 Davos Dorf, Switzerland

  Co-author: Heidi Rodenhizer – Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA

  Co-author: Sabine B. Rumpf – Department of Environmental Sciences, University of basel, Basel, Switzerland

  Co-author: Niels Martin Schmidt – Aarhus University, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark

  Co-author: Ted Schuur – Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA

  Co-author: Philipp Semenchuk – Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway; Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria

  Co-author: Jane G. Smith – Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0450, USA

  Co-author: Katharine Suding – University of Colorado

  Co-author: Ørjan Totland – Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432 Aas, Norway

  Co-author: Tiffany Troxler – Florida International University

  Co-author: Henrik Wahren – Research Centre for Applied Alpine Ecology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia

  Co-author: Jeffrey M. Welker – University of Alaska, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA; UArctic and University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland

  Co-author: Sonja Wipf – WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF, Fluelastrasse 11, 7260 Davos Dorf, Switzerland; Swiss National Park, Chasté Planta-Wildenberg, 7530 Zernez, Switzerland

  Co-author: Yue Yang – Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland; Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China