(PO22-63-22) Is Adherence to the Healthy Eating Index – 2015 Associated With Rate of Decline in Lung Function

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Presenting Author(s)

Alexander Vonderschmidt, MS, RDN
– Research Assistant, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States

Co-Author(s)

KB

Kathryn Bass
– Cornell University
BP

Bonnie K. Patchen, RD
– PhD Candidate, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States
KA

Kathryn B. Arnold, MS
– SWOG Statistical Center
ES

Eric J. Shiroma, PhD
– National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
ES

Eleanor M. Simonsick, PhD
– National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
DH

Dana B. Hancock, PhD
– Sr. Genetic Epidemiologist, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States
PC

Patricia A. Cassano, PhD
– Professor and Director, Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States

Disclosure(s):

Alexander Vonderschmidt, MS, RDN: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Objectives: We investigated the hypothesis that a healthier dietary pattern score is associated with higher lung function with stronger associations in smokers.

Methods: We studied participants in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study (n=2,549) and the Respiratory Ancillary Study (n=2,866). Three dietary pattern scores, based on Healthy Eating Index 2015 (HEI-2015), Alternate Mediterranean Diet (AMED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), were calculated from FFQs. Associations between the 3 diet pattern scores and lung function [forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV₁/FVC] were estimated using linear mixed effects regression models. Stratified analyses were explored in never vs. ever smokers. Models were run within cohort and meta-analyzed results are presented.

Results: The cross-sectional association of dietary pattern and lung function was estimated and a 1-point higher HEI-2015, AMED, and DASH score was associated with a 2 mL, 6 mL, and 6 mL, respectively, higher FEV₁(p < 0.05) at any point in the follow-up. Among ever smokers, the associations were stronger with effect sizes of 6 mL (p = 0.002), 25 mL (p < 0.001), and 7 mL (p < 0.001), respectively. There was little to no association of dietary pattern score and the longitudinal rate of decline in lung function. The findings for FVC were similar, with evidence of cross-sectional but not longitudinal associations. There was little to no association of dietary pattern with FEV₁/FVC.

Conclusions: We found a positive cross-sectional association of dietary pattern score with lung function, but little to no association of dietary pattern with longitudinal decline in lung function. The cross-sectional associations were modified by smoking status such that a healthier dietary pattern had a stronger positive association with lung function in cigarette smokers.

Funding Sources: This research was supported by R01 HL149352 (PIs: PAC and DBH).