(PO14-03-22) Dietary Fiber Intake and Type 2 Diabetes Indicators by Sex and Ethnicity for the U.S. Adults: A Secondary Analysis of NHANES 2017-2018 Data

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Presenting Author(s)

AA

Azza Algarni, PhD Student
– Graduate Student, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States

Co-Author(s)

AC

Adriana Campa, Ph.D.
– Professor, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States
CC

Catherine Coccia, PhD, RD
– Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States
FG

Florence George, PhD
– Associate Professor, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States
FH

Fatma Huffman, PhD, RD
– Professor, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States

Disclosure(s):

Azza Algarni, PhD Student: No relevant financial relationship(s) with ineligible companies to disclose.

Objectives: The relationship between dietary fiber intake and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (mg/dl) among U.S. adults aged 40 years and older were studied. 2017-2018 NHANES data (N= 3309) was used. Sex and ethnicity differences were studied.

Methods: Participants were included if they had data available for daily fiber intake during the first in-person interview and laboratory data for fasting plasma glucose levels. n=1643 were males and n=1666 were females. n=402 were Mexican American, n=308 were Other Hispanic, n=1229 were Non- Hispanic White, n=799 were Non- Hispanic Black, n=416 were Non- Hispanic Asian, and n=155 were other race- including Multi-Racial. The participants with diabetes, n=409 were males, and n=312 were females. Independent-Samples T test was used to compare means between dietary fiber intake and FPG levels by sex and ethnicity.

Results: Fiber intake was significantly different between sex and ethnic groups; Mexican American, Other Hispanic, Non- Hispanic White, Non- Hispanic Black, Non- Hispanic Asian, and other race- including Multi-Racial (p < 0.001). Males had significantly higher fiber intake than females (p < 0.001). Mexican American had significantly higher fiber intake than non-Hispanic White and non- Hispanic Black (p < 0.001). FPG levels were significantly different between sex groups (p < 0.001). Males had significantly lower FPG levels than females (p < 0.001). FPG was significantly lower for those with high fiber intake (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Dietary fiber intake and fasting plasma glucose levels by sex and ethnicity need to be further studied in controlled clinical trials.

Funding Sources: Florida International University