PSXV-6 - Influence of GDF5 Gene Polymorphism on the Concentration of Essential and Toxic Elements in Blood Serum and Milk Productivity of the Holstein Cows

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of GDF5 (growth differentiation factor 5) gene polymorphism on metabolism of chemical elements and milk production of cows. The studies were performed on Holstein cows (n=100). To determine the single nucleotide polymorphism of GDF5 (T586C in exon 1), blood samples were taken. DNA samples were isolated from whole blood using the IsoGeneLab reagent kit. The thermal cycler "MyCycler" was used for DNA amplification. The elemental composition of blood serum was estimated according to 13 chemical elements (Al, As, Pb, Sn, Sr, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, I, Mn, Se, Zn) by ICP AES and ICP MS. The frequency of occurrence of polymorphic groups in the GDF5 gene was established, which was for homozygous alleles: TT (n=41), CC (n=10), heterozygous (TS)–(n=49). The analysis of the data obtained showed that blood serum of cows with the CC genotype, relative to animals with the TT and TC genotypes had a greater concentration of I - by 19.3 (P£0.001) and 10.4% (P£0.01), Se - by 18.3 (Р£0.001) and 11.7% (Р£0.01), Zn – by 15.8 (Р£0.01) and 13.2% (Р£0.01), while relatively low concentrations of Al were registered - by 10.8 (Р£0.001) and 21.2% (Р£0.01), Pb - by 16.4 (Р£0.01) and 23.7% (Р£0.001) respectively. In terms of milk fat yield (kg/day), animals with CC genotype advanced over animals with the TT and TC genotypes by 4.8 (P£0.05) and 5.2% (P£0.01), protein by 1.2 and 1.4% (Р£0.05), milk yield - by 4.8 (Р£0.05) and 5.3% (Р£0.01). Thus, we can conclude that the metabolism of chemical elements and the milk productivity of cows are significantly determined by the polymorphism of the GDF5 gene. In order to select cows of the Holstein breed according to the GDF5 gene polymorphism, it is advisable to select homozygous animals for the CC genotype.