(PO-181) Simulated Virtual Training to Improve Treatment for Children With ASD

Author: Kimberly Cenzon, M.S. RDH – Adjunct Assistant Professor, Old Dominion University
Author: Ann M. Bruhn, M.S. – Associate Professor and Chair, Old Dominion University
Author: Denise M. Claiborne, Ph.D., RDH – Assistant Professor and Graduate Program Director, School of Dental Hygiene, Old Dominion University
Author: Jonna Bobzien, Ph.D – Associate Professor and Chair, Old Dominion University
Submitter: Ann M. Bruhn, M.S. – Associate Professor and Chair, Old Dominion University

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to pilot a simulated virtual training (SVT) to improve second-year dental hygiene (DH) students’ knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in providing care to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: The researchers’ IRB approved this study (#20-139). A one-group (n=34) pre/post-test survey of dental hygiene students’ knowledge, attitudes, and confidence to provide DH services to child patients with ASD was conducted. The survey consisted of 32 statements with true/false, multiple choice, and 5-point Likert-scale items, and was piloted for validity and reliability. DH students also completed a SVT scenario that simulated a clinician “interacting” with a child patient with ASD who had difficulties in the dental environment. The SVT required students to utilize decision-making skills via questions and answers related to the DH process of care as they advanced through the scenario. Descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon Signed Rank tests were used for analyses (P≤0.05).

Results: A total of N=33 DH students completed the study (97% response rate). In general, students’ knowledge, attitudes, and confidence improved after completing the SVT. Significant improvements were observed pre-post SVT for the following statements: “I understand how to assess the unique needs of children with ASD” (3.33 ± 0.85 vs. 4.15 ± 0.51, P < 0.001), and “I feel that I understand the dental needs of children with ASD” (3.52 ± 0.91 vs. 4.06 ± 0.66, P=0.02). The DH students’ perceived confidence to perform DH services significantly improved for the following: oral photos (2.85± 0.97 vs. 3.45 ± 1.09, P=0.02) and rad safety exposure (2.64 ± 0.78 vs. 3.33 ± 1.14, P =0.03).

Conclusion: The SVT increased students’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceived confidence in providing care to child patients with ASD. The use of SVTs within dental and dental hygiene curricula is one mechanism to increase diverse patient population experiences.