(PO-013) Dental Care and Perceived Quality of Life in Older Adults

Author: Hailey Speck, Dental Student – A.T. Still University Missouri School of Dentistry & Oral Health
Author: Patricia Inks, M.S., RDH – Director, Dentistry in the Community & Integrated Community Service Partnerships, A.T. Still University Missouri School of Dentistry & Oral Health
Submitter: Hailey Speck, Dental Student – A.T. Still University Missouri School of Dentistry & Oral Health

Objectives: Low income older adults disproportionately suffer from oral diseases. A higher prevalence of caries, periodontal disease and loss of dentition compromise overall health and quality of life. Traditionally dental students have limited opportunities to complete prosthodontic cases. This study assessed perceived quality of life before and after dental education and comprehensive treatment at an urban dental school embedded in a community health center.

Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study surveyed a cohort of 46 independent-living older adults enrolled in a grant funded dental education and treatment program. The IRB reviewed and deemed exempt. All participants were screened for grant eligibility and provided a one hour dental education program, oral cancer screening and an overview of the dental care program. Dedicated tablets were used for pre- and post-treatment quality of life surveys (GOHAI) administered via RedCap and compared at the conclusion of treatment. Comprehensive dental care was provided by third and fourth year dental students.

Results: Approximately 30% of the group have completed pre- and post- GOHAI surveys. The remaining participants will complete the GOHAI survey at upcoming maintenance or adjustment appointments. Initial results detail a statistical significance between the pre- and post-survey mean scores for each category; physical function, pain and discomfort, and psychosocial impact. The total score difference was also significant, indicating an improvement in perceived quality of life when oral health is improved (p < .001). Fixed or removable prosthodontics were included in 65% of the comprehensive treatment plans developed and executed by third and fourth year dental students.

Conclusion: Preliminary results indicate restoring dental function and oral health improves the perceived quality of life for older adults. Participants had improved scores in all three domains assessed by the GOHAI survey. It is beneficial for older adults to receive dental education and comprehensive dental treatment.