Resident in Equine Surgery Auburn University Auburn, Alabama
An implant-less, single-incision percutaneous drilling technique for the treatment of metacarpophalangeal varus deformity in foals was developed. This study describes our experience with this technique over a three-year period and reports the outcomes for treated foals. The hypothesis was there would be no decrease in sales or racing performance as compared to maternal siblings. A retrospective, case-control cohort study was conducted. Medical records (2017-2020) of 207 foals were reviewed. Horses were matched to 171 age and sex matched maternal siblings using an online database. Sales and racing performance data were compared between cohorts. The average age at the time of surgery was 97 days. The treated limb was the left front in 52, right front in 31, both fronts in 119, unknown in 5. Three horses developed calcinosis circumscripta lesions adjacent to the physis that were removed. There were no differences in sales and racing performance data between treated horses and maternal controls. Percutaneous hemiepiphysiodesis is a safe and effective treatment for metacarpophalangeal varus deformities in foals. No negative effect on sales or racing performance was identified. The main study limitation was the lack of objective data concerning the degree of limb correction. While maternal siblings that were treated at our facility for angular limb deformity were excluded, they cannot be guaranteed to have been deformity-free. This technique avoids risks, costs and need for second surgery associated with an orthopedic implant. The surgeon should be aware of the potential for development of a calcinosis circumscripta lesion with this technique.
