O08 - Microthrombi Are Prevalent in Canine Carcinomas and Sarcomas and Positively Associated with Increased D-Dimer Concentration

Abstract:

Background: Prevalence of thrombotic disease in canine carcinoma and sarcoma and its association with clinicopathological parameters has not been investigated.



Objective: Estimate the prevalence of thrombotic disease in dogs with carcinomas and sarcomas and estimate the association with clinicopathological parameters.



Animals: 30 dogs with carcinoma, 32 with sarcoma (including 11 hemangiosarcomas) and 20 healthy dogs were prospectively enrolled.



Methods: All dogs had complete blood count, biochemistry, and hemostasis parameters (thromboelastography, fibrinogen, D-Dimer concentration, Factor X, VII and antithrombin activity) performed. Dogs with cancer underwent complete post-mortem and histopathological evaluation for intra- and extra-tumoral micro- and macrothrombotic disease. Measured parameters were compared between healthy dogs, dogs with cancer and dogs with and without microthrombi.



Results: Microthrombi were identified in 31/62 (50%) dogs with cancer; 20/31 (65%) had exclusively intra-tumoral microthrombi while 5/31 (16%) had exclusively distant microthrombi and 6/31 (19%) had both intra-tumoral and distant microthrombi. Microthrombi were identified in 18/32 (56%) dogs with a diagnosis of sarcoma and 13/30 (43%) carcinoma. Macrothrombi were identified in three dogs, two with concurrent microthrombi. D-dimer concentration was also significantly higher in dogs with microthrombi (2950ng/ml (interquartile range: 652, 5975)) compared to dogs without microthrombi (581ng/ml (348, 1107), P < 0.001). Hemangiosarcomas had significantly higher D-dimer concentrations (6000ng/mL (3928, 6000)) compared to carcinomas (662ng/mL (425, 2950)) and healthy dogs (287ng/mL (200, 424), P < 0.001), but not different to other sarcomas (714ng/mL (473, 3930)).



Conclusion: Intra- and extra-tumoral microthrombi are prevalent in dogs with carcinomas and sarcomas and positively associated with increased D-Dimer concentration.