University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar, Cross River, Nigeria
Asa Itam-Eyo, MD, Mbang Kooffreh-Ada, MD, Evaristus Chukwudike, MD, Uchenna Okonkwo, MD, Ogbu Ngim, MD, Ubong Udoh, MD, Joan Ikobah, MD, Kelechi Ughegbu, MD, Ugbong Emmanuel, , Aniekan O. Essien, MSc, Rowland Ndoma-Egba, MD, Benedicta Eko, , Esther Effiong, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Cross River, Nigeria
Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a widely prevalent infection considered a significant public health challenge. It is a major cause of gastroduodenal disorders, including gastric cancer. Thus prompt diagnosis and treatment are required for eradication. Nigeria has the highest worldwide H. pylori prevalence.
Aims: To determine the spectrum of endoscopic findings in patients with H.pylori infectionat a tertiary care academic medical center.
Methods: This retrospective hospital-based study was conducted between April 2018 and April 2022 among patients aged ≥18 years with dyspepsia. H. pylori was evaluated using non-invasive tests (urea breath test and fecal antigen test). Patients who tested positive for H. pylori and were further assessed with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were included in the study. Demographics, clinical data, and endoscopic findings were extracted for analysis. A descriptive analysis of data obtained was carried out using SPSS version 20.
Results: Result: One hundred and twenty-nine (129) patients tested positive for H. pylori infection out of the two hundred and eighty dyspeptic patients evaluated during the period under study. However, only fifty-two (52) out of 129 dyspepticpatients who tested positive for H.pylori were evaluated with upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and thus met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-one (59.62%) were males, and 21 (40.38%) were females. The mean age was 45.65 years, with a range of 21-76 years.
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy among the patients revealed predominantly gastritis 37 (71.15%), with gastritis involving the corpus and antral area being the most typical form. Others were gastro-duodenitis in 4 (7.7%), esophagitis in 4 (7.7%), gastric ulcer in 3 (5.8%), and duodenal ulcer in 2 (3.8%), and gastric tumor in 2 (3.8%).
Discussion: Conclusion: Our study revealed that gastritis was the predominant endoscopic finding in patients with H. pylori infection. This finding is particularly significant because of the risk of progression of chronic gastritis in some of these patients to intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and gastric cancer. Hence, endoscopy with gastric biopsy should be obtained in patients with gastric erythema for early diagnosis and treatment.
Figure: Figure 1: Socio=demographics and spectrum of the endoscopic images A- Sex distribution of the study population. B- Age distribution of the study population. C- Endoscopic findings of the study population. D- Endoscopic image showing a widespread patchy redness involving the corpus and the antrum. E- Endoscopic image of fungating gastric mass involving the body and the antrum. F- Endoscopic image of a Forrest III gastric ulcer located on the lesser curvature.
Disclosures:
Asa Itam-Eyo indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Mbang Kooffreh-Ada indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Evaristus Chukwudike indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Uchenna Okonkwo indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Ogbu Ngim indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Ubong Udoh indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Joan Ikobah indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Kelechi Ughegbu indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Ugbong Emmanuel indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Aniekan Essien indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Rowland Ndoma-Egba indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Benedicta Eko indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Esther Effiong indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Asa Itam-Eyo, MD, Mbang Kooffreh-Ada, MD, Evaristus Chukwudike, MD, Uchenna Okonkwo, MD, Ogbu Ngim, MD, Ubong Udoh, MD, Joan Ikobah, MD, Kelechi Ughegbu, MD, Ugbong Emmanuel, , Aniekan O. Essien, MSc, Rowland Ndoma-Egba, MD, Benedicta Eko, , Esther Effiong, . A0273 - Spectrum of Endoscopic Findings in Patients With Helicobacter pylori Infection in a Nigerian Tertiary Institution, ACG 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Charlotte, NC: American College of Gastroenterology.
