C0472 - Splenic Vascular Laceration After Endoscopic Necrosectomy and Cyst-Gastrostomy Placement

Ameya Deshmukh, DO¹, Zarir Ahmed, DO², Michelle Baliss, DO², Jason Taylor, MD², Antonio Cheesman, MD^2
1Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO; ²Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO

Introduction: Endoscopic cyst-gastrostomy and necrosectomy have been shown to be highly effective in the treatment of pancreatic walled of necrosis (WON). However, these procedures can be associated with significant complications including bleeding, infection, and perforation. Herein, we describe a case of upper GI bleeding secondary to erosion of a cyst-gastrostomy stent array into the splenic vasculature.

Case Description/Methods: A 45-year-old male with a history of chronic pancreatitis presented to the emergency room with acute-onset hematemesis, melena, and abdominal pain. Two weeks prior, he presented to an outside hospital with abdominal pain and vomiting. He was found to have a 6.7 x 3.4 cm WON collection in the pancreatic tail on MRCP. EUS with FNA revealed necrotic debris and was negative for malignancy. Due to ongoing pain and poor oral intake, he underwent EUS-guided cyst-gastrostomy and necrosectomy 1 week later. A hot 10 x 15 mm lumen apposing metal stent (LAMS) was placed with balloon-dilation of the LAMS. Then, necrosectomy of cyst cavity was done via irrigation and suction with placement of coaxial double pigtail plastic stent.

On presentation to our institution, he was afebrile and hypotensive, with a hemoglobin of 11.7 g/dL from 16.2 g/dL one week prior. Emergent abdominal CT angiogram revealed pigtail stent migration into the splenic arterial branches at the splenic hilum, causing splenic artery injury and large splenic infarct. Interventional radiology performed successful coil embolization of the splenic artery with bleeding cessation. The patient progressed well and was discharged home.

Discussion: While endoscopic cyst-gastrostomy provides safe and effective treatment of pancreatic WON, it still carries the potential for serious complications. Prior literature reveals endoscopic therapy has a 26-33% bleeding rate and a mortality rate of 5.8-11%. Stent migration is a relatively rare complication that occurs in 0.7% of patients. In our case, disruption of the splenic vasculature likely resulted from mechanical injury by the cyst-gastrostomy stent. CT angiography is the best initial diagnostic test with excellent sensitivity and specificity. Treatment usually involves transcatheter embolization or surgery for patients with persistent hemodynamic instability. Splenic vascular injury and infarcts, while infrequent, can still occur as immediate and delayed complications and endoscopists should be vigilant of their occurrence post-procedure.



Disclosures:


Ameya Deshmukh, DO¹, Zarir Ahmed, DO², Michelle Baliss, DO², Jason Taylor, MD², Antonio Cheesman, MD². C0472 - Splenic Vascular Laceration After Endoscopic Necrosectomy and Cyst-Gastrostomy Placement, ACG 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Charlotte, NC: American College of Gastroenterology.