B0245 - Epiglottic Calcification, a Rare a Cause of Dysphagia

Introduction: In consideration of dysphagia, most cases predominate in the oropharyngeal region with the remainder caused primarily by esophageal causes. Lesser known and studied is the development of dysphagia and globus sensation from epiglottic pathology, namely epiglottic calcification. With less than a dozen published cases in literature, very little data exists on identification, diagnosis, and treatment of this known cause of morbidity. Here we present a case of oropharyngeal dysphagia arising from a rare cause, epiglottic calcification.

Case Description/Methods: An 81-year-old male with history of aortic stenosis and carotid artery stenosis presented with worsening dysphagia over the course of one month. The patient reported significant dysphagia initially to solids and subsequently to liquids causing a weight loss of over 50 pounds. Physical exam of oropharynx and neck was unremarkable. Bedside swallow evaluation suggested mildly decreased hyolaryngeal movement, but no other significant abnormalities were identified. A Barium swallow study revealed incomplete epiglottic excursion during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing. With gastroenterology consultation, patient underwent evaluation with contrast-enhanced esophagogram that showed severe esophageal dysmotility and reflux. CT of neck demonstrated calcification of epiglottis without epiglottal enlargement, which was ultimately found to be the source of his concern. Via ENT, the patient underwent flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy, and via gastroenterology, patient underwent EGD with biopsy. Yet, no esophageal or gastric pathology other than epiglottic calcification were identified. As no definitive treatment modality was outlined despite evaluation, patient was changed to a modified diet with ongoing speech and swallow therapy with outpatient follow up.

Discussion: Epiglottic calcification is a rare cause of dysphagia that is poorly understood in its etiology, clinical course and outcomes. With our case, we hope to add to literature a unique presentation and imaging. Furthermore, with our case it is demonstrated that despite consultant recommendations, no clear evaluation process or treatment modality currently exists, lending to further study of this pathology. Currently, diagnosis can be accomplished with radiologic evaluation along with exclusion of other causes; however, no definitive treatments are available for this condition. Although the condition itself is rare, it adds to the differential diagnosis as a cause of significant dysphagia.