Participants should be aware of the following financial/non-financial relationships: . Hend Alqaderi, BDS, DMSc: I do not have any relevant financial / non-financial relationships with any proprietary interests.
Abstract: Objectives: Diabetes is a risk factors for oral diseases such as periodontal disease. Salivary testing has the advantage of being a quick, simple, and noninvasive diagnostic tool compared to blood testing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of salivary biomarkers for predicting hyperglycemia in adolescents. Methods: 353 10-year-old adolescents were recruited for the Kuwait Healthy Life Study. Body mass index z-score (BMIz), salivary interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10, Leptin, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Insulin, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) and fasting blood plasma glucose levels were measured. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictive value of salivary biomarkers in predicting hyperglycemia. Results: Pearson correlation coefficients between the salivary and serum biomarkers demonstrated that insulin (r=0.4, P-value<0.0001), CRP (r=0.7, P-value<0.0001), and adiponectin (r=0.2, P-value<0.0001) were significantly correlated in saliva and serum. Higher levels of salivary CRP and insulin (OR 4.97 [95%CI: 1.66,14.90]; p=0.004, OR 2.64 [95%CI: 1.09,6.38]; p=0.03, respectively) were associated with hyperglycemia. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated the predictive value of salivary biomarkers for hyperglycemia and possibly diabetes in adolescents. Saliva is a non-invasive approach with significant value for disease risk assessment and prevention. Since individuals are recommended to visit the dentist twice per year, dentists have the ability to collect and test saliva in patients who are at higher risk for developing systemic disease and referring the high risk patient to their primary care physician in order to prevent and manage individual at risk for developing systemic diseases such as diabetes.
Source of Funding: The Kuwait Foundation for Advancement of Science, Dasman Diabetes Institute, and The Forsyth Institute
