P0582 - A Cross-Sectional Evaluation of the Prevalence of Pulmonary Diseases in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Gayatri Pemmasani, MD¹, Edward V. Loftus, MD, FACG², William Tremaine, MD^2
1SUNY Upstate Medical University Hospital, Syracuse, NY; ²Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

Introduction: Prior reports from small studies suggested an increased prevalence of respiratory diseases in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Large population-based studies evaluating this association are lacking.

Methods: In this retrospective observational cohort study utilizing the US Nationwide Readmissions Database year 2014, IBD patients >15 years of age were identified. Outcomes analyzed were the differences in the rates of diagnosed respiratory diseases between IBD and age- and sex-matched non-IBD control groups, and between patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Appropriate ICD-9 codes were utilized to identify all diagnoses. Estimates of prevalence are reported as either % or as cases per 100,000 patients.

Results: The IBD study cohort and the matched non-IBD control group had 87,506 patients each (mean age, 52 years; 57% females). In IBD patients, obstructive respiratory diseases were the most prevalent (asthma, 8.6%; and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 8.7%) followed by pleural diseases (1.9%). Compared with the non-IBD cohort, patients with IBD had a 46% higher rate of bronchiectasis (305 cases/100,000 patients vs 205 cases per 100,000 patients), 52% higher rate of pulmonary vasculitis and interstitial pneumonia (80/100,000 vs 50/100,000), 35% higher risk for lung nodules (725/100,000 vs 536/100,000), 16% higher rate of pulmonary fibrosis (667/100,000 vs 558/100,000), and a 5.5% higher rate of asthma (8.6% vs 8.2%) (all P< 0.05). In the IBD cohort, there were 60.7% patients with CD and 39.3% patients with UC. Compared to patients with UC, CD patients were younger (50+19 years vs 54+20. years; P< 0.001) and more likely to be female (58.3% vs 55.2%; P< 0.001). Patients with CD, compared with UC patients, had a 34% lower age/sex-adjusted rate of bronchiectasis (200/100,000 vs 300/100,000), 56% lower risk for pulmonary vasculitis (50/100,000 vs 120/100,000), 14% lower risk for pleural diseases (1.7% vs 2.2%), and approximately 30% higher risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (6% vs 5%) (all P< 0.01). Results remained consistent after additionally adjusting for smoking.

Discussion: In this large population-based cohort study, IBD was associated with higher rates of certain respiratory diseases compared with the general population, and significant differences were present between CD and UC. Our findings highlight the need for appropriate screening strategies in IBD patients to identify pulmonary diseases in early stages.


Disclosures:
Gayatri Pemmasani indicated no relevant financial relationships.
Edward Loftus indicated no relevant financial relationships.
William Tremaine indicated no relevant financial relationships.


Gayatri Pemmasani, MD¹, Edward V. Loftus, MD, FACG², William Tremaine, MD². P0582 - A Cross-Sectional Evaluation of the Prevalence of Pulmonary Diseases in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, ACG 2021 Annual Scientific Meeting Abstracts. Las Vegas, Nevada: American College of Gastroenterology.