The potential for deposition of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) from point source emissions is becoming an important focus in forensic investigations of soil, ground water and surface water contamination. While the science of testing PFAS in air continues to evolve, the procedures for testing point source emissions are complex and require consideration of varying process conditions. High temperature combustion sources, textile coating facilities, electroplating operations and other potential PFAS contributors pose varying challenges in the efforts to test emissions.
This presentation will take a deep dive into the science and logistics of successfully collecting PFAS from point-source emissions. Stack testing methodologies and proper sampling handling will be an integral part of this discussion focusing on the following:
1. Detailed Review of Current Test Methodologies –USEPA Methods 5 (PM testing), 23 (dioxins/furans) and 0010 (semi-volatile organics) have been hybridized to develop broadly accepted procedures for stack testing of PFAS emissions. The presentation will address the evolution of the current-day methodologies to effectively test for these emissions. 2. Preparation (and timing) for Test Events – A comprehensive evaluation of each test location is needed to ensure that sample points meet method criteria, and that safe access is feasible and will allow movement of the large sample trains required for PFAS testing. Sample train cleaning, media preparation and QA/QC require ample advanced planning and analyses before mobilization of test programs. 3. Precision and Accuracy of Available Methodologies – Extremely low method detection levels require strict adherence to quality control procedures to validate PFAS stack test data. Procedures for premobilization and on-site measures to ensure proper sample control will be addressed. 4. Emission Limits (or Lack Thereof) – In the absence of regulatory emission limits, levels of detection needed must be carefully determined, along with the associated test durations, to meet PFAS testing objectives. 5. Lessons Learned from Actual Test Events – Challenges to be expected and how they were overcome will be discussed based on experience conducting PFAS testing and evaluation of results.
The author will engage participants to share their experiences with PFAS stack test procedures or to discuss questions on the current test methodologies.
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