Category: COVID-19 Complications, Co-infections, and Clinical Outcomes

Poster Session: COVID-19 Complications, Co-infections, and Clinical Outcomes

393 - Prevalence of HIV in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 and Associated Mortality Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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Presenting Author(s)

Paddy Ssentongo

Assistant Professor
Penn State College of Medicine
Hershey, Pennsylvania
Disclosure: I do not have any relevant financial / non-financial relationships with any proprietary interests.

Co-Author(s)

AS

Anna E. Ssentongo

Graduate Student
Penn State College of Medicine
Hershey, Pennsylvania
Disclosure: I do not have any relevant financial / non-financial relationships with any proprietary interests.
EH

Emily S. Heilbrunn

Graduate Student
Penn State College of Medicine
Hershey, Pennsylvania
Disclosure: I do not have any relevant financial / non-financial relationships with any proprietary interests.
PD

Ping Du

Associate Professor
Penn State Hershey College of Medicine
Hershey, PA
Disclosure: I do not have any relevant financial / non-financial relationships with any proprietary interests.

Background: As of June 3^rd, 2020, the number of confirmed cases of novel SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, was approximately 6,538,456, with 386,503 deaths globally. Individuals with pre-existing conditions are particularly susceptible to and more likely to die from Covid-19. However, individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are unique due to their use of antiretroviral therapy, including protease inhibitors, which have been used to treat COVID-19. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis exploring the prevalence and prevalence of HIV in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and delineating the mortality rates.

Methods: MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library databases and medrxiv.org were searched from January 1st, 2020, to June 15th, 2020. Studies reporting on the prevalence of HIV among hospitalized COVID-19 patients among and outcome of mortality were extracted. Two reviewers independently extracted appropriate data of interest and assessed the risk of bias. All analyses were performed using random-effects models on log-transformed proportions and risk ratio estimates, and heterogeneity was quantified.

Results:

A total of 144,795 hospitalized COVID-19 patients were identified from 14 studies (United States 8, Spain 3, China 1, Italy1, and Germany 1). The pooled prevalence of HIV in COVID-19 patients was 1.22 % [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.61%-2.43%)] translating to a 2-fold increase compared to the respective local-level pooled HIV prevalence in the general population of 0.65% (95% CI: 0.48%-0.89%. When we stratified the analysis by country, pooled HIV prevalence among COVID-19 patients in United States (1.43%, 95% CI: 0.98% -2.07%) was significantly higher compared to Spain (0.26%, 95% CI: 0.23%-0.29%) but not different from China (0.99 %, 95% CI: 0.25 %-3.85%). The pooled mortality rates in HIV-positive patients hospitalized for COVID-19 was 14.1 % 95% CI: 5.78%-30.50% and was substantially higher in the United States compared to other countries.

Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV among COVID-19 patients may be higher compared to the general population, suggesting higher susceptibility to COVID-19. The mortality rates are high but vary significantly across countries.