P0207 - High prevalence of Dyslipidaemia, Dysglycemia, Vitamin D deficiency and Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) high hepatic enzymes in Obese Children and adolescents: A cohort study.

Introduction:
There is a high prevalence of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in Qatar (28 % of females and 24 % of males) with an increasing incidence of type 2 DM in children. We describe the anthropometric and biochemical profile of 100 randomly selected children and prepubertal non-diabetic adolescents with attending the Pediatric clinic of HGH from 2017: 2019. We measured the prevalence of the components of metabolic syndrome in these obese children.
Methodology:
100 prepubertal obese children and adolescents’ obesity (age 10.5 +/- 2.7 years) were studied. Data recorded and analyzed included age, gender, anthropometric (weight and height), clinical [body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)] and biochemical [serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), Glycated HB (A1C), ALT and thyroid function and compared with normal data for this age group. Operational definitions included: Obesity: BMI at or >95th percentile for age and sex according to CDC growth chart ,Hypertension: SBP >130 mmHg and/or DBP >85 mmHg, Diabetes: FPG >6.9 mmol/L or random plasma glucose >11.1 mmol/L, Impaired fasting glucose: FPG 5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L, Metabolic syndrome: abdominal obesity with 2 or more of the following: Serum TG >1.7 mmol/L, HDL <1.03 mmol/L, SBP >130 mmHg or DBP >85 mmHg, FPG >5.6 mmol/L, HbA1C > 5.7%.

Results:

The clinical and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome were presented in table. Obese children have high prevalence of dyslipidaemia, dysglycemia, NAFLD, and vitamin D deficiency. Compared to their genetic height (mid-parental height Z score = -0.56 +/- 0.8) they were significantly taller (Ht Z score - 0.7 +/- 1.3) (p < 0.001)

Conclusion.
The high proportions of dyslipidemia and dysglycemia in our prepubertal obese children pointed out to the necessity to impose early detection and preventive measures on a national scale.